Nature-Based Accessible Tourism: Case of Rize
Keywords:
Accessible tourism, Nature-based tourism, RizeAbstract
Although the individuals with several disabilities have certain special needs in
order to participate in tourism, these individuals’ motivation and the right of
participation into tourism are the same as healthy individuals. This study
investigates the disabled individuals’ participation into nature-based tourism
activities in Rize. Although the study adopts mixed method research, it is mainly
based on a qualitative research paradigm. Research design of the study is the
grounded theory. In order to analyse the quantitative data a Mann-Whitney –U
test was employed. The sample of the study is the travel and accommodation
enterprises in Rize. The qualitative data was gathered through standardised open
ended interviews. And the quantitative data was collected through two different
surveys which were designed for accommodation enterprises and travel agencies.
In the analysis of the data, after the open coding and axial coding, the main
category was determined as “application” in selective coding phase.
References
Agaliotou, C. (2015). Reutilization of industrial buildings and sites in greece can act as a lever for the
development of special interest/alternative tourism. Procedia - Social And Behavioral
Sciences, 175, 291-298.
Akıncı, Z. (2013). Management of accessible tourism and its market in Turkey. International Journal
Of Business And Management Studies, 2 (2), 413-426.
Arnegger, J., Woltering, M. & Job, H. (2010). Toward a product-based typology for nature-based
tourism: a conceptual framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18 (7), 915-928.
Buhalis, D. & Michopoulou, E. (2011). Information-enabled tourism destination marketing:
addressing the accessibility market. Current Issues In Tourism, 14 (2), 145-168.
Busby, G., Brunt, P. & Lund, J. (2003). In Agatha Christie country: resident perceptions of special
interest tourism. Tourism, 51(3), 287-300.
Centi, S., Mossone, M. C., Borghetti, J. & Tramonti, E. (2004) Accessible Tourist Product. European
Commission. [URL:http://www.euforme.net/css/uk/project_work/product.pdf, Erişim 20
Kasım 2015).
Darcy, S. (1998), Tourism patterns and experiences of New South Wales people with a physical
disability. Sydney: Tourism New South Wales.
Darcy, S. & Dickson, J. T. (2009). A whole-of-life approach to tourism: the case for accessible
tourism experiences. Journal of Hospitality And Tourism Management, 16, 32-44
Darcy, S., Cameron, B. & Pegg, S.(2010). Accessible tourism and sustainability: a discussion and case
study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18 (4), 515-537.
Divinagracia, L. A., Divinagracia, M. R. G., Divinagracia B. & David G. (2012). Digital mediainduced tourism: The case of nature-based tourism (nbt) at east java, Indonesia. Procedia -
Social and Behavioral Sciences, 57, 85-94.
DOKA (2013). Doğu Karadeniz Projesi (DOKAP) Eylem Planı (2014-2018). [URL:
http://www.kalkinma.gov.tr/Lists/Duyuru%20ve%20Haberler/Attachments/669/DOKAP%20
Eylem%20Plan%C4%B1%20(2014-2018).pdf] (Erişim 25 Aralık 2015).
DOKA (2015). Rize tanıtım dokümanı. [URL: http://www.doka.org.tr/TR/Yayinlar/TanitimDokumanlari_Rize-Tanitim-Dokumani] (Erişim 25 Aralık 2015).
EFC. (2013) Accessible routes in historical cities.
[URL:http://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/2013_lhac-best-practice-guide-accessibleroutes-in-historical-cities-1.pdf] (Erişim 09 Şubat 2015).
Eichhorn, V., Miller, G., Michopoulou, E. & Buhalis, D. (2007). Enabling disabled tourists?
accessibility tourism ınformation schemes. University Of Surrey. [URL:
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1090/] (Erişim 21 Ekim 2015).
ENAT. (2007) Services and facilities for accessible tourism ın europe. Commission Of The European
Communities. [URL:http://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/enat_study2_services_and_facilities_en.pdf] (Erişim 09 Mayıs 2015).
ENAT. (2009) Takayama declaration on the development of communities-for-all in Asia and The
Pacific. [URL:http://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/takayama_declaration_top-efin_171209.pdf] (Erişim 18 Şubat 2015).
Engelliler Hakkında Kanun, K.T. 01.07.2005/5378, R.G. 07.07.2005/25868.
Engellilerin Haklarına İlişkin Sözleşmenin Onaylanmasının Uygun Bulunduğuna Dair Kanun, K.T.
12.2008 / 5825, R.G. 18.12.2008/27084.
Engellilerin Haklarına İlişkin Sözleşmenin Onaylanması Hakkında Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı, K.T.
5.2009/15137, R.G. 14.07.2009/27288.
Environmental Activities & Greenways Department. (2013) Guide to best practices and
recommendations for accessible greenways. [URL:http://www.aevvegwa.org/SiteResources/data/MediaArchive/pdf/Greenways4tour/G4T_Guide%20to%20best
%20practices%20for%20accesible%20Greeways.pdf] (Erişim 20 Şubat 2015).
European Commission. (2004) Improving information on accessible tourism for disabled
people.[URL:http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/tourism/files/studies/improving_informatio
n_on_accessibility/improving_accessibility_en.pdf] (Erişim 25 Şubat 2015).
Federal Ministry Of Economics And Technology (2004). Economic Impulses Of Accessible Tourism
For All. [URL:http://www.bmwi.de/English/Redaktion/Pdf/economic-impulses-of-accessibletourism-for-all-526,property=pdf,bereich=bmwi,sprache=en,rwb=true.pdf] (Erişim 18 Şubat
.
Figueiredo, E., Eusébio, C. & Kastenholz, E. (2012). How diverse are tourists with disabilities? a pilot
study on accessible leisure tourism experiences in Portugal. International Journal Of Tourism
Research, 14, 531-550.
Fredman, P. & Tyrväinen, L. (2010). Frontiers in nature‐based tourism. Scandinavian Journal Of
Hospitality And Tourism, 10 (3), 177-189.
Fredman, P., Wall R. S. & Grundén, A. (2012). The nature of nature in nature-based tourism.
Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 12 (4), 289-309.
İslamoğlu, İ., İmamoğlu, A. & Çavuğoğlu, G. (2014). Verçenik Yaylası’nın alternatif turizmi ve
rekreasyonel faaliyetlerinin belirlenmesi. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport,
, 271-282.
Job, H. & Paesler, F. (2013). Links between nature-based tourism, protected areas, poverty alleviation
and crises - the example of wasini Island (Kenya). Journal of Outdoor Recreation and
Tourism, 1 (2), 18-28.
Kansız, N. & Acuner, Ş. (2007). Rize İli Turizm SWOT Analizi (Teknik Rapor). Rize,Türkiye:Milli
Prodüktivite Merkezi.
Kılıç, B. & Kurnaz, A. (2010). Alternatif turizm ve ürün çeşitliliği oluşturmada ekolojik çiftlikler:
Pastoral Vadi örneği. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(4), 39-56.
Lang, C. T. & O'leary, J. T. (2008). Motivation, participation, and preference: A multi-segmentation
approach of the Australian nature travel market. Journal Of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 6(3-
, 159-180.
Lee, S. & Bai, B. (2016). Influence of popular culture on special interest tourists' destination image.
Tourism Management, 52, 161-169.
Luzar, E. J., Diagne, A., Ecgan C. ve Henning, B. R. (1998). Profiling the nature-based tourist: A
multinomial logit approach. Journal Of Travel Research, 37 (1), 48-55.
Mackay, K. J., Andereck, K. L. & Vogt, C. A. (2002). Understanding vacationing motorist niche
markets, Journal Of Travel Research, 40, 356-363.
Matilainen, A. & Lähdesmäki, M. (2014). Nature-based tourism in private forests: Stakeholder
management balancing the interests of entrepreneurs and forest owners?. Journal Of Rural
Studies, 35, 70-79.
Mehmetoğlu, M. (2007). Nature-based tourists: the relationship between their trip expenditures and
activities. Journal Of Sustainable Tourism, 15 (2), 200-215.
Michopoulou, E. & Buhalis, D. (2013). Information provision for challenging markets: the case of the
accessibility requiring market in the context of tourism. Information & Management, 50, 229-
Öztürk, Y. & Yazıoğlu, İ. (2002). Gelişmekte olan ülkeler için alternatif turizm faaliyetleri üzerine
teorik bir çalışma. Gazi Üniversitesi Ticaret Ve Turizm Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2, 1-14.
Packer, T. L., Mckercher B. & Yau M. K. (2007). Understanding the complex interplay between
tourism, disability and environmental contexts. Disability And Rehabilitation, 29 (4), 281-292.
Pehlivanoğlu, B. (2012, Temmuz 27). Turizm yapılarında engellilere yönelik iç mekân tasarım
kriterleri. Engelsiz Turizm Sempozyumunda sunuldu, Antalya, Türkiye.
Popiel, M. (2014). Paving the way to accessible tourism on the example of Krakow. European Journal
Of Tourism, Hospitality And Recreation, Special Issue, 55-71.
Priskin, J. (2001). Assessment of natural resources for nature-based tourism: The case of the central
coast region of Western Australia. Tourism Management, 22, 637-648.
Rize Belediyesi. (2010) Stratejik plan 2011-2015.
[URL:http://www.rize.bel.tr/2011_2015StratejikPlan.pdf] (Erişim 25 Aralık 2015).
Shaw, G. & Coles, T. (2004). Disability, holiday making and the tourism industry in the UK: a
preliminary survey. Tourism Management, 25, 397-403.
Smith, M. L., Amorim, É. & Umbelino, J. (2014). Accessible tourism and disability service
information provided on leading airline websites: A content analysis. International Journal
For Responsible Tourism, 2 (4), 7-23.
Tangeland, T. & Aas, Ø. (2011). Household composition and the importance of experience attributes
of nature based tourism activity products - a norwegian case study of outdoor recreationists.
Tourism Management, 32, 822-832.
Tangeland, T., Vennesland, B., & Nybakk, E. (2013). Second-home owners’ intention to purchase
nature-based tourism activity products - a norwegian case study. Tourism Management, 36,
-376.
T.C. Çevre Ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Rize Çevre Ve Şehircilik İl Müdürlüğü. (2013) İl çevre durum
raporu. [URL:http://www.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/editordosya/Rize_icdr2013.pdf] (Erişim 02 Ocak
.
T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı Doğu Karadeniz Projesi Bölge Kalkınma İdaresi Başkanlığı. (2013) Rize il
raporu. [URL:http://www.rtb.org.tr/data/genel/rapor/DOKAP%20Rize%20il%20Raporu.pdf]
(Erişim 02 Ocak 2016).
T.C. Kültür Ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Yatırım Ve İşletmeler Genel Müdürlüğü. (2016)
Yürürlükte olan KTKGB/TM listesi. [URL:http://yigm.kulturturizm.gov.tr/TR,9669/ktkgb-veturizm-merkezleri.html] (Erişim 02 Ocak 2016).
T.C. Kültür Ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Rize İl Kültür Ve Turizm Bakanlığı. (2016) Sit alanları.
[URL:http://www.rizekulturturizm.gov.tr/TR,55427/sit-alanlari.html] (Erişim 02 Şubat 2016).
T.C. Orman Ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Doğa Koruma Ve Milli Parklar 12. Bölge Müdürlüğü. (2014) Rize
doğa turizmi master planı 2014 – 2023.
[URL:http://bolge12.ormansu.gov.tr/12bolge/Files/R%C4%B0ZE%20DO%C4%9EA%20TU
R%C4%B0ZM%C4%B0%20MASTER%20PLANI%20.pdf] (Erişim 02 Ocak 2016).
Tekin, Ö. A. (2014). Kaçkarlardan karadeniz'e uzanan el: Rize. Standard Ekonomik ve Teknik Dergi.
, 103-110.
Tóth, G. & Dávid, L. (2010). Tourism and accessibility: An integrated approach. Applied Geography,
, 666–677.
Turizmi Teşvik Kanunu, K.T. 12.03.1982 /2634, R.G. 16.03.1982/17635.
TÜİK. (2011) Nüfus ve konut araştırması – III engellilik.
[URL:http://eyh.aile.gov.tr/data/55116a22369dc57100ffbf23/nka_2011_engellilik.pdf]
(Erişim 25 Aralık 2015).
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası, K.T. 18.10.1982/2709, R.G. 09.11.1982/17863 (Mükerrer).
TÜRSAB. (t.y.). [URL:http://www.tursab.org.tr/tr/engelsiz-turizm/tursab-herkes-icin-engelsiz-turizmkomitesi_486.html] (Erişim 15 Ocak 2015).
Tyrväinen, L., Uusitalo, M., Silvennoinen, H. & Hasu, E. (2014). Towards sustainable growth in
nature-based tourism destinations: Clients’ views of land use options in finnish lapland.
Landscape And Urban Planning, 122, 1-15.
United Nations. (2007, 24 January ) Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities. Resolution
number A/RES/61/106.
UNWTO. (1999) Global code of ethics for tourism.
[URL:http://dtxtq4w60xqpw.cloudfront.net/sites/all/files/docpdf/gcetbrochureglobalcodeen.pd
f] (Erişim 19 Şubat 2015).
UNWTO. (2013) Recommendations on accessible tourism.
[URL:http://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/accesibilityen_2013_unwto.pdf] (Erişim 25
Mayıs 2015).
WHO. (2015a) Disabilities. [URL:http://www.who.int/topics/disabilities/en/] (Erişim 11 Şubat 2015).
WHO. (2015b) Better health for people with disabilities.
[URL:http://www.who.int/disabilities/facts/Infographic_en_pdf.pdf?ua=1] (Erişim 25 Mayıs
.
WHO & The World Bank. (2011) World report on disability.
[URL:http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/report.pdf] Erişim (25 Aralık 2015)
Valentine, P. (1992). Review: Nature-based tourism. W.Betty & H. C. Michael (Eds.) Special interst
tourism (ss.105-127) İçinde. London: Belhaven Press.
Vila, T. D., Darcy, S. & Gonzàlez, E. A. (2015). Competing for the disability tourism market: A
comparative exploration of the factors of accessible tourism competitiveness in Spain and
Australia. Tourism Management, 47, 261-272.
Yaylı, A. & Öztürk, Y. (2006). Konaklama işletmeleri yöneticilerinin bedensel engelliler pazarına
bakış açıları üzerine bir araştırma. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17(1), 87-97.
Yılmazdoğan, O. C. & Temizkan, S. P. (2014). Otel internet sitelerinde engelli bireylerin ihtiyaçlarına
yönelik bilgilerin varlığı üzerine bir araştırma. Gazi Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi, 2,
-172.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.