Gastroarkeoloji: Arkeolojik Gıda Kalıntılarından Antik DNA’nın Geri Kazanımı (Gastroarchaeology: Recovery of Ancient DNA From Archaeological Food Residues)

Yazarlar

  • Tulga ALBUSTANLIOĞLU
  • İlkay YILMAZ

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2021.940

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antik DNA- Arkeoloji- Buğday- Zeytin- Üzüm- Bakliyat- Genetik

Özet

Antik DNA (aDNA), geçmişte yaşamış canlıların kalıntılarından elde edilen DNA’dır. Arkeoloji alanında yapılan çalışmalara genetik yaklaşımlar, yeni nesil dizileme teknolojilerinin de gelişmesi ile kazılardan elde edilen buğday tanesi, zeytin çekirdeği, bakliyat tohumları, üzüm çekirdeği gibi kalıntılardan detaylı bilgi sahibi olmayı mümkün kılmıştır. Günümüzde sürekli geliştirilen DNA dizi bilgileri, klasik metodolojilerin teknik kısıtlamalarının ortadan kaldırılmasını sağlayarak, arkeolojik kalıntılara ait sonuçların güvenilirliğini artırmaktadır. Moleküler biyolojiden sonra, moleküler arkeoloji, eski bitkilerde, hayvanlarda ve insanlarda DNA'nın biyolojinin yanı sıra tarihin sorularının ele alınması için çalışmalar yapmaktadır.  Arkeolojik alanlarda yapılan çalışmalar sonucu elde edilen biyolojik materyaller dönemin yaşam tarzının tespit edilebilmesi, bazı bitki ve hayvanların genetik alt türlerinin belirlenmesi ve değişimlerinin saptanması açısından önemlidir. Hatta nesli tükenmiş varlıklar hakkında bilgi verebilmektedir. Fakat antik kazı alanlarından örnekler toplanırken mümkün olduğunca dikkatli davranılması gerekmektedir. Arkeolojik alanlarda gıda kalıntıları elde edildikçe ve DNA dizileme teknikleri geliştikçe geçmiş hakkındaki teoriler yeniden şekillenmeye devam edecektir. Bu makalenin amacı aDNA nın geri kazanımı ile konu hakkında yapılan çalışmalar ve bu çalışmaların gastroarkeolojiye etkilerini incelemektedir. Bu amaçla literatür taraması yapılmıştır.

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Yayınlanmış

2023-02-27

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

ALBUSTANLIOĞLU, T., & YILMAZ, İlkay. (2023). Gastroarkeoloji: Arkeolojik Gıda Kalıntılarından Antik DNA’nın Geri Kazanımı (Gastroarchaeology: Recovery of Ancient DNA From Archaeological Food Residues). Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 9(Special Issue 5), 42–60. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2021.940

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