Gastroarkeoloji: Arkeolojik Gıda Kalıntılarından Antik DNA’nın Geri Kazanımı (Gastroarchaeology: Recovery of Ancient DNA From Archaeological Food Residues)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2021.940Keywords:
Ancient DNA, Archeology, Wheat, Olive, Grape, Legumes, GeneticsAbstract
Ancient DNA (aDNA) is DNA obtained from the remains of living things that lived in the past. Genetic approaches to studies in the field of archeology and the development of new generation sequencing technologies have made it possible to have detailed information on remains such as wheat grains and olive kernels, legume seeds, grape kernels obtained from excavations. Today, continuously developed DNA sequence information increases the reliability of the results of archaeological remains by eliminating the technical limitations of classical methodologies. After molecular biology, now molecular archeology studies DNA in ancient plants, animals and humans to address questions of history as well as biology. Biological materials obtained as a result of studies in archaeological areas are important in terms of determining the lifestyle of the period, determining the genetic subspecies of some plants and animals and determining their changes. It can even provide information about extinct beings. However, it is necessary to be as careful as possible when collecting samples from ancient excavation sites. Theories about the past will continue to be reshaped as food remains at archaeological sites are recovered and DNA sequencing techniques improve. The aim of this article, to exemine the recovery of aDNA and the studies on the subject and the effects of these studies on gastroarchaeology. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted.
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