Turizmin Gelişim Desteğinde Turizm, Turist Algıları ile Misafirperverlik ve Turizm Yanlı Davranışın Rolü (The Role of Perception towards Tourism, Tourist, Residents Welcoming Tourists and Pro-Tourism Behavior on Support for Tourism Development)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1645Keywords:
Tourist perception, Tourism perception, Residents welcoming tourists, Pro-tourism behavior, Support for tourism developmentAbstract
This research aims to explain how factors other than financial factors can be used to test local people's support for tourism independently of any perceived impact of the tourism system. In order to achieve this objective, the model, which is based on the theory of reasoned action, consists of the variables of tourist perception, tourism perception, hospitality, and pro-tourism behavior. In order to test the research model, 508 participants, who were determined on the basis of purposive sampling from the people of Turkistan Region of Kazakhstan, a destination independent of tourism effects, were determined as the sample of the research. The data obtained from the sample were analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). As a result of the research, it was found that tourism perception and tourist perception variables both positively affect hospitality disposition. According to the model results, hospitality disposition positively affects pro-tourism behavior, while pro-tourism behavior positively affects tourism development support. The power of hospitality on tourism-oriented behavior is the most effective relationship pattern that emerges within the scope of the model. Within the scope of the research, the tourism perception literature has constructed and validated the research model through the determinant role of tourist perception beyond tourism perception in explaining support for tourism and thus expanded the body of knowledge. The fact that the perception of hospitality has the strongest impact level on the support for tourism in Turkestan region is a first in the international literature in terms of being a finding obtained in virgin destinations.
References
Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314-324.
Aleshinloye, K. D., Woosnam, K. M., & Joo, D. (2024). The influence of place attachment and emotional solidarity on residents’ involvement in tourism: perspectives from Orlando, Florida. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(2), 914-931.
Aleshinloye, K. D., Woosnam, K. M., Erul, E., Suess, C., Kong, I., & Boley, B. B. (2021). Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; Emotional solidarity or empowerment?. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(23), 3372-3386.
Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056-1076.
Aytekin, A., Keles, H., Uslu, F., Keles, A., Yayla, O., Tarinc, A., & Ergun, G. S. (2023). The Effect of Responsible Tourism Perception on Place Attachment and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development: The Moderator Role of Environmental Awareness. Sustainability, 15(7), 5865. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075865[1](https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/5865).
Balcı, A. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntem, Teknik ve İlkeler, Pegem, Ankara.
Bimonte, S., & Punzo, L. F. (2016). Tourist development and host-guest interaction: An economic exchange theory. Annals of Tourism Research, 58, 128-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.03.004
Brewer, J. D. (1984). Tourism and ethnic stereotypes: Variations in a Mexican town. Annals of Tourism Research, 11(3), 487-501.
Chan, Y. W. (2006). Coming of age of the Chinese tourists: The emergence of non-Western tourism and host—guest interactions in Vietnam's border tourism. Tourist Studies, 6(3), 187-213.
Chatman, J. A., Greer, L. L., Sherman, E., & Doerr, B. (2019). Blurred lines: How the collectivism norm operates through perceived group diversity to boost or harm group performance in Himalayan mountain climbing. Organization Science, 30(2), 235-259.
Chen, N., Hsu, C. H., & Li, X. R. (2018). Feeling superior or deprived? Attitudes and underlying mentalities of residents towards Mainland Chinese tourists. Tourism Management, 66, 94-107.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage Publications.
Dyer, P., Gursoy, D., Sharma, B., & Carter, J. (2007). Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia. Tourism Management, 28(2), 409-422.
Erul, E., Uslu, A., Cinar, K., & Woosnam, K. M. (2023). Using a value-attitude-behaviour model to test residents’ pro-tourism behaviour and involvement in tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(19), 3111-3124.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G. ve Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
Franke, G., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). Heuristics versus statistics in discriminant validity testing: A comparison of four procedures. Internet Research, 29(3), 430-447. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-12-2017-0515
Fredline, L., Jago, L., & Deery, M. (2003). The development of a generic scale to measure the social impacts of events. Event Management, 8(1), 23-37.
Gabriel B. J., Osti, L., & Faccioli, M. (2011). Residents' perception and attitudes towards tourism impacts: A case study of the small rural community of Folgaria (Trentino–Italy). Benchmarking: An International Journal, 18(3), 359-385.
García-Buades, M. E., García-Sastre, M. A., & Alemany-Hormaeche, M. (2022). Effects of overtourism, local government, and tourist behavior on residents’ perceptions in Alcúdia (Majorca, Spain). Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 39, 100499.
Gong, J., Detchkhajornjaroensri, P., & Knight, D. W. (2019). Responsible tourism in Bangkok, Thailand: Resident perceptions of Chinese tourist behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(2), 221-233.
Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 79-105.
Hair, J. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis. Sage, London.
Hair, J. F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., &Anderson,R.E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.).Cengage.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C.M. (2019). When to Use and How to Report the Results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
Hashemi, S., Mohammed, H. J., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Kiumarsi, S., & Dara Singh, K. S. (2022). To investigate the influencing factors on support for tourism development and perceived economic benefits in the context of ski tourism. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 26(3), 225-247.
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 1-26.
Huo, Y. J., & Molina, L. E. (2006). Is pluralism a viable model of diversity? The benefits and limits of subgroup respect. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 9(3), 359-376.
James, G., Witten, D., Hastie, T., & Tibshirani, R. (2013). An Introduction to Statistical Learning: With Applications in R. Springer.
Joo, D., Xu, W., Lee, J., Lee, C. K., & Woosnam, K. M. (2021). Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100553.
Katiyapornpong, U., Dita-Apichai, M., Kanjanasilanon, C., & Siriyota, K. (2018). Sustainable tourism development: An application of social exchange theory in Thailand. Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences, 2(3), 123-126.
Kazakistan Ulusal İstatistik Bürosu, (2025). Erişim Adresi: https://stat.gov.kz/region/turkestan/. Erişim Tarihi: 05.06.2025.
Koens, K., Postma, A., & Papp, B. (2018). Is overtourism overused? Understanding the impact of tourism in a city context. Sustainability, 10(12), 4384.
Lepp, A. (2007). Residents’ attitudes towards tourism in Bigodi village, Uganda. Tourism Management, 28(3), 876-885.
Lin, Z., Chen, Y., & Filieri, R. (2017). Resident-tourist value co-creation: The role of residents' perceived tourism impacts and life satisfaction. Tourism Management, 61, 436-442.
Lulu, L., Ramachandran, S., Bidin, S., Subramaniam, T., & Chaoyi, C. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of residents’ perceptions in rural tourism development using CiteSpace. Tourism Planning & Development, 21(4), 438-461.
Martín, H. S., de los Salmones Sánchez, M. M. G., & Herrero, Á. (2018). Residentsʼ Attitudes and Behavioural Support for Tourism in Host Communities. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(2), 231-243.
McGehee, Nancy G., and Kathleen L. Andereck. 2004. “Factors Predicting Rural Residents’ Support of Tourism.” Journal of Travel Research, 43(2), 131–40.
Mishra, D., Akman, I., & Mishra, A. (2014). Theory of reasoned action application for green information technology acceptance. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 29-40.
Monterrubio, C. (2018). Tourist stereotypes and servers’ attitudes: A combined theoretical approach. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 16(1), 57-74.
Moufakkir, O. (2011). The role of cultural distance in mediating the host gaze. Tourist Studies, 11(1), 73-89.
Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011). Developing a community support model for tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 964-988.
Ouyang, Z., Gursoy, D., & Sharma, B. (2017). Role of trust, emotions and event attachment on residents’ attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management, 63, 426–438.
Papastathopoulos, A., Ahmad, S. Z., Al Sabri, N., & Kaminakis, K. (2020). Demographic analysis of residents’ support for tourism development in the UAE: A Bayesian structural equation modeling multigroup approach. Journal of Travel Research, 59(6), 1119-1139.
Plaza-Mejía, M. Á., Porras-Bueno, N., & Vargas-Sánchez, A. (2024). Attitude – Tourism. In Encyclopedia of Tourism (pp. 1-4). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_11-2[1]
Prendergast, G. P., Lam, H. S., & Ki, Y. P. (2016). Local residents' perceptions of an influx of tourists: A Hong Kong case study. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 28(4), 283-293.
Qiu, W., Chen, Y., Zheng, X., & Lv, X. (2023). What do tourists look like to destination residents? Development of a tourist image scale from a high cultural distance perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70, 103140.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ali, F., & Jaafar, M. (2018). Modeling residents’ perceptions of tourism development: Linear versus non-linear models. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 1-9.
Ribeiro, M. A., Pinto, P., Silva, J. A., & Woosnam, K. M. (2017). Residents’ attitudes and the adoption of pro-tourism behaviours: The case of developing island countries. Tourism Management, 61, 523-537.
Sharpley, R. (2014). Host perceptions of tourism: A review of the research. Tourism Management, 42, 37-49.
Shen, K., Yang, J., & Geng, C. (2022). How residents' attitudes to tourists and tourism affect their pro-tourism behaviours: the moderating role of Chinese traditionality. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 792324.
Soliman, M. (2021). Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict tourism destination revisit intention. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 22(5), 524-549.
Strzelecka, M., Boley, B. B., & Strzelecka, C. (2017). Empowerment and resident support for tourism in rural Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): The case of Pomerania, Poland. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(4), 554-572.
Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis: Understanding Concepts and Applications. American Psychological Association.
Tilaki, M. J. M., Abooali, G., Marzbali, M. H., & Samat, N. (2021). Vendors’ attitudes and perceptions towards international tourists in the Malaysia night market: Does the COVID-19 outbreak matter?. Sustainability, 13(3), 1553.
Urry, J. (2008). Globalising the Tourist Gaze. In Tourism development revisited: Concepts, issues and paradigms (pp. 150-160). SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd.
Ünlüönen, K., Özekici, Y. K. (2017). Yeni Gelişen Destinasyonlarda Turizm Algısı: Yozgat Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Journal of Tourism and Gastonomy Studies, 5(4), 466-488.
Wearing, S., & Wearing, B. (2001). Conceptualizing the selves of tourism. Leisure Studies, 20(2), 143-159.
Woosnam, K. M. (2012). Using emotional solidarity to explain residents' attitudes about tourism and tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 315-327.
Woosnam, K. M., Russell, Z., Ribeiro, M. A., Denley, T. J., Rojas, C., Hadjidakis, E., ... & Mower, J. (2022). Residents’ pro-tourism behaviour in a time of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(8), 1858-1877.
Zhang, H. Q., Xu, F. F., & Lu, L. (2014). A study of tourist satisfaction and willingness to revisit in Yunnan, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(4), 447-461.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


