Evaluation of Google Reviews of Restaurants in Türkiye Listed on the Michelin Guide Bib Gourmand List: Text Mining Approach

Authors

  • İbrahim Akın ÖZEN
  • Ceyhun UÇUK
  • Durmuş Ali AYDEMİR

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1667

Keywords:

Michelin guide, Bib Gourmand, Michelin star, Text mining, Gastronomy

Abstract

This study aims to make a general evaluation of the services and cuisine quality of the restaurants listed in the Michelin Guide 2025 Bib Gourmand Turkey Bulletin based on Google reviews. During the data collection phase, a total of 3,649 reviews of 25 restaurants listed on Google Maps were collected using the web scraping technique. The collected textual reviews were analyzed using text mining techniques such as sentiment analysis and topic extraction. The sentiment analysis findings show that the opinions about the restaurants listed in the Michelin Guide 2025 Bulletin Bib Gourmand Türkiye were mostly positive (55.31%). The topic extraction results show that customers frequently refer to food and service quality, staff, and restaurant ambiance. In addition, it was determined that waiting time, cost, and portion size constitute significant negative concerns for customers. This research will improve the private sector and academic literature by explaining how consumers evaluate restaurants rated by an international restaurant rating agency.

References

Abramson, J. (2003). Legitimacy and Nationalism in the Almanach des Gourmands (1803–1812). Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies, 3(2), 101-135.

Apak, Ö. C., & Nazikgül, M. (2025). Michelin rehberinde yer alan restoran menülerinin Türk mutfağı kapsamında incelenmesi. GSI Journals Serie A: Advancements in Tourism Recreation and Sports Sciences, 8(1), 54-71. https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.1487154

Baykal, M., & Ayyıldız, A. Y. (2024). İstanbul ve Londra’daki Michelin Yıldızlı restoranlara yönelik müşteri şikâyetlerinin karşılaştırılması. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 12(2), 850-868. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2024.1415

Bertan, S. (2016). Michelin yıldızlı restoran işletmelerinin değerlendirilmesi. International Journal of Human Sciences, 13(2), 3221-3230. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i2.3886

Çavuş, O., & Nazik, M. H. (2022). Michelin yıldızlı restoranlarda başarı faktörleri ve standartların tespit edilmesi: İspanya San Sebastian örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 137-161. https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.993924

Dang, S., & Ahmad, P. H. (2014). Text mining: Techniques and its application. International Journal of Engineering & Technology Innovations, 1(4), 22-25.

Daries, N., Moreno-Gené, J., & Cristobal-Fransi, E. (2021). Michelin Stars shine brightly, but are they profitable?. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 24, 100352.

Demir, Y. (2025). Michelin Yeşil Yıldızı’na sahip restoranlarla ilgili müşteri deneyim ve algılamalarının analizi: Google Haritalar örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(38), 118-135. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1496079

Gaikwad, S. V., Chaugule, A., & Patil, P. (2014). Text mining methods and techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications, 85(17).

Gan, Q., Ferns, B. H., Yu, Y., & Jin, L. (2016). A text mining and multidimensional sentiment analysis of online restaurant reviews. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 18(4), 465–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2016.1250243

Gan, Q., Yu, Y., Ferns, B., & Jin, L. (2017). A text mining and multidimensional sentiment analysis of online restaurant reviews. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 18(4), 465-492. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2017.1334931

Greenberg, J., Sands, D. B., Cattani, G., & Porac, J. (2024). Rating systems and increased heterogeneity in firm performance: Evidence from the New York City restaurant industry, 1994–2013. Strategic Management Journal, 45(1), 36-65.

Gupta, V., & Lehal, G. S. (2009). A survey of text mining techniques and applications. Journal of emerging technologies in web intelligence, 1(1), 60-76.

Ha, J., Park, K., & Park, J. (2016). Which restaurant should i choose? herd behavior in the restaurant industry. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 19(4), 396-412. https://doi.org/10.1080/15378020.2016.1185873

Henderson, J. (2017). Street food, hawkers and the michelin guide in singapore. British Food Journal, 119(4), 790-802. https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2016-0477

Huang, Y., Hall, C., & Chen, N. (2024). Destination restaurants’ practices and the production of locality: the case of michelin restaurants in china. Foods, 13(12), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13121838

Kannan, S., Gurusamy, V., Vijayarani, S., Ilamathi, J., Nithya, M., Kannan, S., & Gurusamy, V. (2014). Preprocessing techniques for text mining. International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks, 5(1), 7-16.

Kiatkawsin, K., & Sutherland, I. (2020). Examining luxury restaurant dining experience towards sustainable reputation of the Michelin Restaurant Guide. Sustainability, 12(5), 2134. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12052134

Kim, B., & Velthuis, O. (2021). From reactivity to reputation management: Online consumer review systems in the restaurant industry. Journal of Cultural Economy, 14(6), 675-693.

Kim, S., Song, M., & Song, M. (2015). Investigation of topic trends in computer and information science by text mining techniques: from the perspective of conferences in dblp. Journal of the Korean Society for Information Management, 32(1), 135-152. https://doi.org/10.3743/kosim.2015.32.1.135

Kim, W. G., Li, J. J., & Brymer, R. A. (2016). The impact of social media reviews on restaurant performance: The moderating role of excellence certificate. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 55, 41-51.

Michelin Guide, (2025). Michelin Rehberi Hakkında. https://guide.michelin.com/tr/en. (Erişim Tarihi: 03 Ocak 2025).

Miklós, I. (2019). A Fault in our stars: Competitiveness among Michelin-star restaurants. Marketing & Menedzsment, 53(1), 31-41.

Ogunwale, Y. (2023). Application research on semantic analysis using latent dirichlet allocation and collapsed gibbs sampling for topic discovery. Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science, 16(4), 445-452. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcos/2023/v16i4404

Olaru, G. O. (2023). Michelin Yıldızı’nın gastronomi turizmine etkisi: Sosyal medya’da tüketici yorumlarına dair bir araştırma. İstanbul Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(2), 422-442. https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1348453

Onur, M., Özgen, L., & Keskin, E., (2025). Determining the correlations between intention to reuse food waste, food waste behaviour and the culinary creativity level. Internatıonal Journal Of Gastronomy And Food Scıence, 40, 1-10.

Pacheco, L. (2018). TripAdvisor reviews on Michelin-starred restaurants: A sentiment analysis. School of Business and Economics. https://run.unl.pt/bitstream/10362/100954/1/TGI0319.pdf

Poyoi, P., Gassiot-Melian, A., & Coromina, L. (2024). Generation z and millennials’ food-sharing behaviour: a cross-generational analysis of motivations, satisfaction and behavioural intention. British Food Journal, 126(13), 207-225. https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2023-0899

Rita, P., Vong, C., Pinheiro, F. and Mimoso, J. (2023), "A sentiment analysis of Michelin-starred restaurants", European Journal of Management and Business Economics, Vol. 32 No. 3, pp. 276-295. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-11-2021-0295

Rugeles, D., Hai, Z., Carmona, J. F., Dash, M., & Cong, G. (2023). Improving the Inference of Topic Models via Infinite Latent State Replications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.12974. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2301.12974

Seker, S. E. (2016). Duygu analizi (sentimental analysis). YBS Ansiklopedi, 3(3), 21-36.

Smith, A., & Anderson, M. (2016). Online shopping and e-commerce.

Şahin, G., Karagöz, S., & Demir, H. (2021). Customer perceptions of Michelin-starred restaurants: A mixed-methods approach. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 4(3), 302-318. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-09-2020-0145

Tunçalp, O. (2018). Geri çekildi: Turizm pazarlamasında çevrimiçi sitelerindeki müşteri yorumları ve puanlama sisteminin otel satış fiyat tercihlerine etkisi. Uluslararası Beşeri ve Sosyal Bilimler İnceleme Dergisi, 2(2), 28-40.

Ünal, A. (2023). Çevrim içi yemek sipariş sitelerindeki restoran yorumları üzerine bir çalışma. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 11(2), 817-831.

Vijayarani, S., Ilamathi, M. J., & Nithya, M. (2015). Preprocessing techniques for text mining-an overview. International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks, 5(1), 7-16.

Younis, E. M. (2015). Sentiment analysis and text mining for social media microblogs using open source tools: an empirical study. International Journal of Computer Applications, 112(5).

Zucco, C., Calabrese, B., Agapito, G., Guzzi, P. H., & Cannataro, M. (2020). Sentiment analysis for mining texts and social networks data: Methods and tools. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 10(1), e1333.

Published

30-09-2025

How to Cite

ÖZEN , İbrahim A., UÇUK , C., & AYDEMİR , D. A. (2025). Evaluation of Google Reviews of Restaurants in Türkiye Listed on the Michelin Guide Bib Gourmand List: Text Mining Approach. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 13(3), 2351–2365. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1667

Most read articles by the same author(s)