Antik Kaynaklar Işığında Roma Balık Sosu: Garum/Liquamen (Roman Fish Sauce in the Light of Ancient Sources: Garum/Liquamen)

Yazarlar

  • Olcay TURAN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2022.1054

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Garum- Liquamen- Roma- Hellen- Sos

Özet

Tarih boyunca su ürünleri insanoğlunun istifade ettiği en önemli besin maddelerinden biri olmuştur. Akdeniz’in en önemli uygarlıklarını oluşturan Antik Anadolu, Hellen ve Roma halkları da su ürünlerinden azami oranda yararlanmaya çalışmışlar ve bu bağlamda balıkların tüketime uygun olmayan iç organlarını kullanmak suretiyle garum adı verilen balık sosunu üretmişlerdir. Antik dönem kaynaklarına ek olarak arkeolojik veriler analiz edildiğinde garum hakkında oldukça önemli bilgilere ulaşmak mümkündür. Hellenlerin ilk kez garos adındaki balığı kullanarak garumu ürettikleri iddia edilmiştir. Takip eden süreçte garum, Romalılar tarafından da benimsenmiş olup, ismi Latince de sıvılaşmak anlamına gelen liquamen olarak değiştirilmiştir. Antik Anadolu, Hellen ve Roma halkları tarafından uzun yıllar boyunca severek tüketilen garum, bazı antik dönem yazarları tarafından sıklıkla eleştirilmiştir. Genellikle Romalı olmayan girişimciler tarafından üretilen garum, dönemin ticaret rotaları kullanılarak imparatorluğun en ücra köşelerine kadar ulaştırılmıştır. Batı Roma İmparatorluğu’nun yıkılışı sonrasında Avrupa’da garum üretimi ve tüketimi son bulmuşsa da Doğu Roma’nın egemenliğindeki topraklarda bir müddet daha popülerliğini korumuştur.

 

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Yayınlanmış

2023-03-05

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

TURAN, O. (2023). Antik Kaynaklar Işığında Roma Balık Sosu: Garum/Liquamen (Roman Fish Sauce in the Light of Ancient Sources: Garum/Liquamen). Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 10(2), 1506–1524. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2022.1054