Aşçıların İş Becerikliliği ve Yaratıcılık Süreçleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma (A Study on Cooks; Job Crafting and Creativity Processes)

Authors

  • Şafak Yüksel VURAL
  • Adem ARMAN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1673

Keywords:

Cooks, Job crafting, Creativity, Innovation, Hotel culinary

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between cooks’ job crafting levels and their individual creativity processes. In this context, the study focuses on cooks working in five-star hotel kitchens in Istanbul—a competitive environment with high customer expectations—where they have the opportunity to demonstrate both job crafting and creativity. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 388 participants using a convenience sampling method, both face-to-face and online. The collected data were analyzed using reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that job crafting has a significant and positive effect on creativity processes among cooks. Furthermore, it was found that demographic factors such as gender, age, position, and years of experience are significantly associated with both job crafting and creativity levels. This study contributes to the relevant literature and provides practical recommendations for practitioners and future research.

References

Abbas, T., Mansour, N., & ElShawarbi, N. (2022). Age, gender, and job differences in job crafting behaviour among food and beverage employees of five-star hotels. International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality, 16(2), 101–112.

Abbate, T., Presenza, A., Cesaroni, F., Meleddu, M., & Sheehan, L. (2019). Creativity and innovation in haute cuisine restaurants: Factors affecting the creative process of Michelin-rated chefs. Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 37(1), 109–124.

Abidin, M. R. Z., Ishak, F. A. C., Ismail, I. A., & Juhari, N. H. (2022). Explicating chefs’ creativity in utilising Malaysian local herbs toward the development of modern Malaysian cuisine: A proposition of a conceptual framework for creative culinary process. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 46, 101133.

Akça, İ., & Demir, Ö. (2024). The relationship between supervisor autonomy support, creativity, and employee service performance: Evidence from Michelin restaurants. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 28, 100999.

Albert, M. A. (2020). Elucidating the relation of proactive personality with job crafting: Does autonomy matter? Bowling Green State University.

Albors-Garrigós, J., Martinez Monzo, J., & Garcia-Segovia, P. (2018). Knowledge dynamics as drivers of innovation in haute cuisine and culinary services. Industry and Innovation, 25(1), 84–111.

Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity and innovation in organizations (5th ed.). Harvard Business School.

Arıkan, E., Çilesiz, E., & Çapan, O. (2020). Otel işletmelerinde iş becerikliliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti etkisine yönelik bir inceleme. In E. Sarıkaya (Ed.), Sosyal ve beşeri bilimlerde teori ve araştırmalar (pp. 587–606). Gece Kitaplığı.

Aubke, F. (2014). Creative hot spots: A network analysis of German Michelin‐starred chefs. Creativity and Innovation Management, 23(1), 3–14.

Baldwin, W. (2018). Chef's sabbatical: An analysis of chef's gastronomic research through culinary tourism. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 13, 65–72.

Baroudi, S. E., & Khapova, S. N. (2017). The effects of age on job crafting: Exploring the motivations and behavior of younger and older employees in job crafting. In S. M. Muammer, M. Y. Demir & A. A. Mohamed (Eds.), Leadership, innovation and entrepreneurship as driving forces of the global economy (pp. 485–505). Springer International Publishing.

Batat, W. (2020). Pillars of sustainable food experiences in the luxury gastronomy sector: A qualitative exploration of Michelin-starred chefs’ motivations. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 57, 102255.

Becer, E. (1993). Yaratıcılık ve grafik tasarım. Anadolu Sanat, 1–3. AÜGSF Yayınları.

Berdicchia, D., Masino, G., & Fortezza, F. (2024). Job crafting as a key ingredient for higher creative performance in coworking spaces. Management Research Review, 47(11), 1873–1897.

Berg, J. M., Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2010). Perceiving and responding to challenges in job crafting at different ranks: When proactivity requires adaptivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 158–186.

Bessi, V. G., Schmitz, P. T., Weschenfelder, S., & De Almeida, T. V. (2022). Creativity in gastronomic activities. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 29, 100551.

Bouty, I., & Gomez, M. L. (2013). Creativity in haute cuisine: Strategic knowledge and practice in gourmet kitchens. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, 11(1), 80–95.

Broussard, J. A. (2007). An intellectual property food fight: Why copyright law should embrace culinary innovation. Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law, 10, 691.

Bruning, P. F., & Campion, M. A. (2018). A role–resource approach–avoidance model of job crafting: A multimethod integration and extension of job crafting theory. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 499–522.

Buonocore, F., De Gennaro, D., Russo, M., & Salvatore, D. (2020). Cognitive job crafting: A possible response to increasing job insecurity and declining professional prestige. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(2), 244–259.

Busse, T. V., & Mansfield, R. S. (1980). Theories of the creative process: A review and a perspective. The Journal of Creative Behavior.

Capdevila, I., Cohendet, P., & Simon, L. (2015). Establishing new codes for creativity through haute cuisine: The case of Ferran Adrià and ElBulli. Capdevila, I., Cohendet, P., & Simon, L., 25–33.

Cheng, J. C., & Yi, O. (2018). Hotel employee job crafting, burnout, and satisfaction: The moderating role of perceived organizational support. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 72, 78–85.

Chiu, C. Y., & Kwan, L. Y. (2010). Culture and creativity: A process model. Management and Organization Review, 6(3), 447–461.

Chossat, V., & Gergaud, O. (2003). Expert opinion and gastronomy: The recipe for success. Journal of Cultural Economics, 127–141.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th ed.). Routledge.

Cropley, A. J. (2011). Definitions of creativity. In M. A. Runco & S. R. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity (Vol. 1, pp. 511–525). Elsevier.

Çağlın, C. (2022). Algılanan örgütsel destek ve temel benlik değerlendirmesinin işe tutkunluk üzerine etkisinde iş becerikliliğinin aracılık rolü [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. İnönü Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Çakır, K. (2022). The role of work engagement and organizational commitment on job crafting in remote workers [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü.

Demerouti, E. (2014). Design your own job through job crafting. European Psychologist, 19(4), 237–247.

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Gevers, J. M. (2015). Job crafting and extra-role behavior: The role of work engagement and flourishing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 87–96.

Demiray, S. (2022). Psikolojik sermaye ve lider üye etkileşiminin iş becerikliliği ve örgütsel sinerjiye etkisi: Kamu hastanesi örneği [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü.

Dinç, Y. E. (2019). Impact of flexible work and job design on employee engagement through job crafting: The case of Istanbul service sector [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Dornenburg, A., & Page, K. (2008). The flavor bible: The essential guide to culinary creativity, based on the wisdom of America's most imaginative chefs. Little, Brown.

Du, Y., Luo, J., & Su, Y. (2025). Job crafting towards strengths and interests: How overqualification enhances creativity? Service Industries Journal, 45(1–2), 1–25.

Ekincek, S., & Aktaş, S. G. (2022). A recipe for culinary creativity: Defining characteristics of creative chefs and their process. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 100633.

Ekincek, S., & Günay, S. (2023). A recipe for culinary creativity: Defining characteristics of creative chefs and their process. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 31, 100633.

Esteves, T., Lopes, M. P., Geremias, R. L., & Palma, P. J. (2018). Calling for leadership: Leadership relation with worker’s sense of calling. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference (10th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

Ghitulescu, B. E. (2006). Shaping tasks and relationships at work: Examining the antecedents and consequences of employee job crafting [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Pittsburgh University.

Goldfarb, W. (2014). It's all Greek to me: Towards a broader view of food science and creativity in gastronomy. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2(1), 46–50.

Hakanen, J. J., Peeters, M. C., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2018). Different types of employee well-being across time and their relationships with job crafting. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 23(2), 289.

Haykır, M. (2018). Mutfak çalışanlarında personel güçlendirme ile yaratıcılık süreci arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Haykır, M., & Çalışkan, O. (2021). Is there a relationship between empowering chefs and the culinary creativity process? Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, 1–26.

Hetland, J., Hetland, H., Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2018). Daily transformational leadership and employee job crafting: The role of promotion focus. European Management Journal, 36(6), 746–756.

Horng, J. S., & Hu, M. L. (2008). The mystery in the kitchen: Culinary creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 20(2), 221–230.

Horng, J. S., & Lee, Y. C. (2006). What does it take to be a creative culinary artist? Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, 5(2–3), 5–22.

Horng, J. S., & Lee, Y. C. (2009). What environmental factors influence creative culinary studies? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Horng, J. S., & Lin, L. (2009). The development of a scale for evaluating creative culinary products. Creativity Research Journal, 21(1), 54–63.

Horng, J. S., Hu, M. L., & Lin, L. (2011). Food, creativity of recipes, pairings, menus. In Encyclopedia of Creativity (pp. 529–533).

Hunter, J. E. (2001). The desperate need for replications. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(1), 149–158.

Jalil, A., & Shafi, M. Q. (2022). The impact of autonomy expectation on job crafting, with mediating role of self-efficacy and moderating role of leader coalition. Middle East Journal of Management, 9(3), 332–353.

Jiang, D., Ning, L., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Perceived overqualification as a double-edged sword for employee creativity: The mediating role of job crafting and work withdrawal behavior. PLOS ONE, 19(6), e0304529.

Jimenez-Mavillard, A., & Suarez, J. L. (2022). A computational approach for creativity assessment of culinary products: The case of ElBulli. AI & Society, 37(1), 331–353.

Kaynak, S. (2022). Yansıtıcı düşünme, iş becerikliliği, duygusal zeka ve iş performansı arasındaki ilişkiler: Eğitim sektöründe bir araştırma [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü.

Kerse, G. (2017). İş becerikliliği (job crafting) ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlama ve duygusal tükenme ile ilişkisini belirleme. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(4), 283–304.

Kesici, M. (2014). Aşçıların mesleki özerklikleri ile yaratıcılık süreci ilişkisi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Kesici, M., & Önçel, S. (2015). Aşçıların mesleki özerklikleri ile yaratıcılık süreci ilişkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 23–45.

Khan, M. M., Mubarik, M. S., Islam, T., Rehman, A., Ahmed, S. S., Khan, E., & Sohail, F. (2021). How servant leadership triggers innovative work behavior: Exploring the sequential mediating role of psychological empowerment and job crafting. European Journal of Innovation Management.

Kibaroğlu, G. G. (2022). Sıkılık ve esneklik bağlamında örgüt kültürünün iş biçimlendirme üzerindeki etkisinde örgüt temelli öz saygı ve proaktif kişiliğin rolü [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Başkent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Kim, M., & Beehr, T. A. (2018). Can empowering leaders affect subordinates’ well-being and careers because they encourage subordinates’ job crafting behaviors? Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 25(2), 184–196.

Kim, M., Baek, S. I., & Shin, Y. (2020). The effect of the congruence between job characteristics and personality on job crafting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 52.

Lee, K. S., & Tao, C. W. (2021). Secretless pastry chefs on Instagram: The disclosure of culinary secrets on social media. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(2), 650–669.

Lee, K. S., Blum, D., Miao, L., & Tomas, S. R. (2020). The creative minds of extraordinary pastry chefs: An integrated theory of aesthetic expressions–A portraiture study. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Leschziner, V. (2015). At the chef's table: Culinary creativity in elite restaurants. Stanford University Press.

Leung, T. Y. V., & Lin, M. C. P. (2018). Exogenous factors of the creative process performance in the culinary profession. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 69, 56–64.

Lin, P. M., & Baum, T. (2016). The meaning of applied creativity in the culinary industry. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 17(4), 429–448.

Lu, C. Q., Wang, H. J., Lu, J. J., Du, D. Y., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Does work engagement increase person–job fit? The role of job crafting and job insecurity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 142–152.

Madeira, A., Palrão, T., Mendes, A. S., & Ottenbacher, M. C. (2022). The culinary creative process of Michelin star chefs. Tourism Recreation Research, 47(3), 258–276.

Mäkikangas, A., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2017). Antecedents of daily team job crafting. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(3), 421–433.

May, R. (1994). The courage to create. WW Norton & Company.

Melo, N., Dourado, D., & Andrade, J. (2021). Reclaiming cognitive crafting: An integrative model of behavioral and cognitive practices in job crafting. International Journal of Organizational Analysis.

Nergiz, H. G., & Ünsal-Akbiyik, B. S. (2024). Job crafting, task performance, and employability: The role of work engagement. SAGE Open, 14(3), 1–12.

Nielsen, K., & Abildgaard, J. S. (2012). The development and validation of a job crafting measure for use with blue-collar workers. Work & Stress, 26(4), 365–384.

Niessen, C., Weseler, D., & Kostova, P. (2016). When and why do individuals craft their jobs? The role of individual motivation and work characteristics for job crafting. Human Relations, 69(6), 1287–1313.

Oğan, Y. (2021). Mutfak çalışanlarının yaratıcılık algı düzeyleri üzerine bir araştırma. Fiscaoeconomia, 5(2), 756–768.

Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, A. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607–634.

Ottenbacher, C. M., & Harrington, J. R. (2007a). The culinary innovation process: A study of Michelin-starred chefs. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, 5(4), 9–35.

Ottenbacher, M., & Harrington, R. J. (2007b). The innovation development process of Michelin‐starred chefs. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(6), 444–460.

Özgönül, S., & Öztürk, B. (2022). Environmental factors that influence culinary creativity from the perspectives of Turkish cuisine professionals. Anais Brasileiros de Estudos Turísticos, 12, 1–15.

Page, K. (2017). Kitchen creativity. Little Brown and Company.

Park, S., & Park, S. (2023). Contextual antecedents of job crafting: Review and future research agenda. European Journal of Training and Development, 47(1/2), 141–165.

Pedersen, L. B., & Hein, H. H. (2012). Creativity in gastronomy [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Copenhagen Business School, Department of Management.

Pelit, E., Katırcıoğlu, E., & Kabakulak, A. (2022). Effects of tour guides’ self-efficacy levels and autonomy perceptions on their job crafting behaviours. European Journal of Tourism Research, 30, 3011–3011.

Peng, K.-L., Lin, M.-C., & Baum, T. (2013). The constructing model of culinary creativity: An approach of mixed methods. Quality & Quantity, 47(5), 2687–2707.

Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Job crafting in changing organizations: Antecedents and implications for exhaustion and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 1–11.

Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120–1141.

Presenza, A., Abbate, T., Vargas-Sánchez, A., & Harrison, T. (2018). Creativity and innovation: The case of haute cuisine. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 22(6), 562–577.

Rhodes, M. (1961). An analysis of creativity. The Phi Delta Kappan, 42(7), 305–310.

Richards, G. (2014, November). The role of gastronomy in tourism development. In Fourth International Congress on Noble Houses: A Heritage for the Future, Arcos De Valdevez, 27–29.

Robinson, R. N., & Beesley, L. G. (2010). Linkages between creativity and intention to quit: An occupational study of chefs. Tourism Management, 31(6), 765–776.

Roczniewska, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Who seeks job resources, and who avoids job demands? The link between dark personality traits and job crafting. The Journal of Psychology, 150(8), 1026–1045.

Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Job crafting: A meta-analysis of relationships with individual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112–138.

Runco, M. A. (2004). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 657–687.

Sekaran, U. (1992). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Singh, V., & Singh, M. (2018). A burnout model of job crafting: Multiple mediator effects on job performance. IIMB Management Review, 30(4), 305–315.

Siti, A. E., Djamhur, H., & Kusdi, R. (2016). Knowledge-based model of competition in restaurant industry: A qualitative study about culinary competence, creativity, and innovation in five full-service restaurants in Jakarta. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 58(10), 139–148.

Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The job crafting questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 126–146.

Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2014). Optimising employee mental health: The relationship between intrinsic need satisfaction, job crafting, and employee well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15, 957–977.

Slemp, G. R., Zhao, Y., Hou, H., & Vallerand, R. J. (2021). Job crafting, leader autonomy support, and passion for work: Testing a model in Australia and China. Motivation and Emotion, 45(1), 60–74.

Soliman, M., Anasori, E., Ranjan, A., & Obaid, M. A. (2024). Job crafting and employees’ innovative behaviour in hotels: Exploring the role of employees’ psychological state and workplace gossip. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(1), 1–15.

Stierand, M. (2020). Culinary creativity. In M. A. Runco & S. R. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity (2nd ed.).

Stierand, M. B., & Dörfler, V. (2012). Reflecting on a phenomenological study of creativity and innovation in haute cuisine. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Stierand, M., & Dörfler, V. (2016). The role of intuition in the creative process of expert chefs. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 50(3), 178–185.

Stierand, M., Dörfler, V., & Macbryde, J. (2014). Creativity and innovation in haute cuisine: Towards a systemic model. Creativity and Innovation Management, 23(1), 15–28.

Şahin, Y. (2017). Pozitif psikolojik sermayenin, iş becerikliliği ve üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları üzerindeki etkileri [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Tian, W., Wang, H., & Rispens, S. (2021). How and when job crafting relates to employee creativity: The important roles of work engagement and perceived work group status diversity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 291.

Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1–9.

Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173–186.

Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230–240.

Tims, M., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Job crafting and its relationships with person–job fit and meaningfulness: A three-wave study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 44–53.

Toksöz, D., Dalgıç, A., & Birdir, K. (2020). Job crafting for tourism employees: Conceptual overview, dimensions, antecedents, and consequences. In A. Yılmaz (Ed.), Organizational behavior challenges in the tourism industry (pp. 147–167).

Turan, B., & Tuncel, V. (2024). Gastronomi alanında bireysel yaratıcılığın cinsiyete göre değişimi: Gastronomi bölümü öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 37, 143–155.

Uçar, H. (2021). Algılanan örgütsel desteğin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisi: İş becerikliliğinin aracı rolü [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Karaman.

Üstündağ, T. (2003). Yaratıcılığa yolculuk. Ankara: Pegem Akademik Yayıncılık.

Vargas-Sánchez, A., & Lopez-Guzman, T. (2015). Contemporary management and innovation: Learning from the gastronomy sector. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 13(2), 32–38.

Volman, M. (2011). Putting the context back in job crafting research: Causes of job crafting behavior [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Tilburg University.

Walia, C. (2019). A dynamic definition of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 237–247.

Wallas, G. (1926). The art of thought. Jonathan Cape.

Walsh, K., & Gordon, J. R. (2008). Creating an individual work identity. Human Resource Management Review, 18(1), 46–61.

Wang, H. J., Demerouti, E., & Le Blanc, P. (2017). Transformational leadership, adaptability, and job crafting: The moderating role of organizational identification. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 100, 185–195.

Wang, H., Li, P., & Chen, S. (2020). The impact of social factors on job crafting: A meta-analysis and review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8016.

Wong, S. I., Škerlavaj, M., & Černe, M. (2017). Build coalitions to fit: Autonomy expectations, competence mobilization, and job crafting. Human Resource Management, 56(5), 785–801.

Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 29(2), 179–201.

Yadav, A., & Dhar, R. L. (2024). Effect of job crafting on hotel frontline employees’ work role performance: The role of work engagement and leader–member exchange. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 25(2), 330–358.

Yavuz, H. S. (1996). Yaratıcılık (3. bas.). Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.

Yeh, S. S., & Huan, T. C. (2017). Assessing the impact of work environment factors on employee creative performance of fine-dining restaurants. Tourism Management, 58, 119–131.

Yıldırım, R. (1998). Yaratıcılık ve yenilik. Sistem Yayıncılık.

Yin, K., Sun, J., & Chen, L. (2017). The effect of cognitive crafting on job engagement: A chain-mediation model. Chinese Journal of Management, 14(4), 528–536.

Yu, A., & Jyawali, H. (2021). Job crafting as dynamic displays of gender identities and meanings in male‐dominated occupations. Gender, Work & Organization, 28(2), 610–625.

Zhang, F., & Parker, S. K. (2019). Reorienting job crafting research: A hierarchical structure of job crafting concepts and integrative review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(2), 126–146.

Zhou, Y., Cheng, Y., Liu, G., Zhang, Z., & Zhu, H. (2024). How does empowering leadership promote employee creativity? The sequential mediating mechanism of felt obligation for constructive change and job crafting. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 148, 103955.

Zopiatis, A. (2010). Is it art or science? Chef's competencies for success. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(3), 459–467.

Published

30-09-2025

How to Cite

VURAL, Şafak Y., & ARMAN, A. (2025). Aşçıların İş Becerikliliği ve Yaratıcılık Süreçleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma (A Study on Cooks; Job Crafting and Creativity Processes). Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 13(3), 2470–2492. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1673

Most read articles by the same author(s)