The Study of Adapting Employee Advocacy Scale to Turkish to Tourism Businesses Samples

Authors

  • Yılmaz AKGÜNDÜZ
  • Ceylin ŞANLI

Keywords:

Employee advocacy, Tourism businesses, Adaptation of the scale

Abstract

The aim of this study is to adapt Employee Advocacy Scale, which has been
developed in English, to conduct validity and reliability analysis. For this purpose,
firstly the scale items were translated into Turkish by field experts. Secondly, field
research was conducted on employees of tourism businesses that operate in Mersin. In
explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test the validity of the
scale. As a result of explanatory factor analysis, the correlation values of the six items
which has structural validity are between 0,564 and 0,751. Respectively the values for
Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the odd-numbered items are 0,727; even-numbered
scale items are 0,740; randomly selected 59 survey is 0,824 and randomly selected 56
survey is 0,883; and finally 0,851 was determined for the entire scale. As a result of
testing single-factor structure with confirmatory factor analysis, X2/df=1,93;
RMSEA=0,091; AGFI=0,89; GFI=0.95; CFI=0.98; AVE=0,50, CR=0,86 was
calculated. These findings confirm that Employee Advocacy Scale is a reliable and a
valid measurement tool.

References

Altunışık, R., Çoşkun, R. Bayraktaroğlu, S. ve Yıldırım, E., (2012). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma

Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamaları. Sakarya: Sakarya Kitabevi.

Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Veri Analizi El Kitabı. (2b.), Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.

DeVellis, R.F. (2003). Scale Development: Theory and Applications.. CA: Thousand Oaks, Sage

Publications.

Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. J.

Appl. Psychol. 71 (3): 500-507.

Frauenholtz, S. (2014). Responding to the Affordable Care Act:A Leadership Opportunity for Social

Workers in Employee Assistance Programs. Health&Social Work, 39 (3): 153-160

Fullerton, G. (2003). When Does Commitment Lead to Loyalty? Journal of Service Research, 5(4): 335-

Gravetter, F. J. ve Forzano, L.B., (2009). Research Methods for The Behavioral Sciences (3b.),

Wadsworth. Kirkpatrick, L. A. & Feeney, B.: Belmont, CA.

Hair, J.F. Jr., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. ve Anderson, R.E., (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7b.),

NJ:Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.

Jillapalli, R. K., & Wilcox, J. B. (2010). Professor Brand Advocacy: Do Brand Relationships Matter?

Journal of Marketing Education, 32 (3): 328-340.

Kelloway, E.K., (1998). Using LlSREL for Structural Equation Modeling: A Researcher’s Guide.

Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kim, D. O. (2009). Employees’ Perspective on Non-Union Representation: A Comparison with Unions.

Economic and Industrial Democracy, 30 (1): 120-151.

Kline, R.B., (2005). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (2b.), NY:Gulford.

Mathieu, J., & Zajac, D. (1990). A Review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates and

consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108 (2): 171-94.

O’Fallon, J. (2014). Powering internal communication for employee advocacy:Competitive advantage

begins with employees who understand and want to share the electric co-op story. Unıversıty Of

Mınnesota.

Otaye, L., & Wong, W. (2014). Mapping the contours of fairness-The impact of unfairness and leadership

(in)action on job satisfaction, turnover intention and employer advocacy. Journal of Organizational

Effectiveness: People and Performance, 1 (2): 191-204.

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. ve Berry, L.L., (1991). “Refinement and Reassessment of the SERVQUAL

Scale”, Journal of Retailing, 67 (4): 420-450.

Rynes, S. L. (2004). Where Do We Go From Here?:Imagining New Roles for Human Resources. Journal

of Management Inquıry, 13 (3): 203-213.

Sheehan, C., Holland, P., & De Cieri, H. (2006). Current developments in HRM in Australian

organisations. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources , 44 (2): 132-152.

Yeh, Y.P. (2014). Exploring the impacts of employee advocacy on job satisfaction and organizational

commitment: Case of Taiwanese airlines. Journal of Air Transport Management, 36, 94-100

Published

12/30/2022

How to Cite

AKGÜNDÜZ, Y., & ŞANLI, C. (2022). The Study of Adapting Employee Advocacy Scale to Turkish to Tourism Businesses Samples. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 4(Special Issue 1), 282–292. Retrieved from https://jotags.net/index.php/jotags/article/view/190