Gece Turizminde Suç Korkusu ve Turistik Kaçınma: Çevresel Kriminoloji Temelinde Kavramsal Bir Model (Fear of Crime in Nighttime Tourism and Tourist Avoidance: A Conceptual Model Grounded in Environmental Criminology)

Abstract

This study develops a conceptual model grounded in environmental criminology to explain how fear of crime translates into tourist avoidance in night tourism contexts. It adopts a model-based conceptual design supported by an integrative review of research across environmental criminology, tourism security, environmental psychology, and fear of crime. The synthesis indicates that environmental cues such as inadequate lighting, physical disorder, crowding, isolation, and insufficient guardianship shape tourists’ perceived risk of victimization through contextual interpretation. This cognitive appraisal may intensify fear of crime and subsequently encourage participatory, spatial, and temporal forms of avoidance. The proposed model therefore explains the relationship between environmental conditions and tourist avoidance through the sequential roles of perceived victimization risk and fear of crime. By integrating previously fragmented literature streams, the study contributes to the theoretical development of tourism security, provides a basis for context-sensitive safety arrangements by destination managers and local authorities, and identifies testable relationships for future empirical research.