Rekreasyon Farkındalığının Boş Zaman Tatmini Üzerine Etkisi: Engelsiz Turizme Katılan Bireyler Üzerine Bir Uygulama (The Effect of Recreation Awareness on Leisure Satisfaction: An Application to Individuals Participating in Accessible Tourism)

Uğur OĞUZBEY; Ezgi KIRICI TEKELİ

doi:10.63556/jotags.2026.1861

Authors

Uğur OĞUZBEY
Ezgi KIRICI TEKELİ

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63556/jotags.2026.1861

Keywords:

Recreation awareness, Leisure satisfaction, Accessible tourism, Individuals with disabilities, Malatya

Abstract

Although the participation of individuals with disabilities in tourism and recreation activities is critical to their social integration, the impact of their awareness levels on their satisfaction in this process has not been sufficiently investigated. To address this gap in the literature, this research aims to examine the effects of recreation awareness on leisure satisfaction and subsequently conduct an empirical study of individuals participating in accessible tourism. Accessible tourism is paramount for ensuring the full participation of individuals with disabilities in society and enabling equitable tourism experiences for all. In the field research conducted within this scope, individuals with disabilities aged 18 and over in Malatya province comprised the target population, and 400 participants engaged in tourism activities were recruited via convenience sampling. Statistical data analysis programmes were utilised to perform analyses appropriate to the research purpose. The findings revealed a statistically significant and positive relationship between recreation awareness and leisure satisfaction. Furthermore, it was determined that recreation awareness has a significant positive effect on leisure satisfaction; individuals with higher recreation awareness exhibit greater satisfaction with their leisure activities. In light of these results, various theoretical implications for the literature and practical recommendations for the sector have been proposed.

References

Acar, A., Karademir, Y., & Koçoğlu, C. M. (2021). Rekreasyonel aktivitelerde tüketiciyi motive eden faktörlerin yaşam doyumu üzerine etkisi: Turistik bir ürün olarak offroad örneği. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 8(1), 97–114. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/touraj/article/715476

Akdu, U., & Turan Karadeniz, F. (2025). Engelli bireylerin turizm faaliyetlerinde karşılaştığı sorunlar: Görünmeyen engeller, görülmeyen ihtiyaçlar. Gündem Turizm, 1(1), 25–48. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/gundemturizm/article/1836842

Ardahan, F. (2016). Ciddi boş zaman faaliyeti olarak gönüllülük: AKUT örneği. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 6(1), 47–61. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mjh/article/1428557

Arman, H., & Bulgan, G. (2022). Ulusal literatür kapsamında engelsiz turizm konulu makalelerin bibliyometrik analizi. Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 2171–2200. https://doi.org/10.48146/odusobiad.1092688

Bagozzi, R. P., & Heatherton, T. F. (1994). A general approach to representing multifaceted personality constructs: Application to state self-esteem. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1(1), 35–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519409539961

Balcı, M. (2021). Engelli turizmi: Çanakkale [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Trakya Üniversitesi.

Beard, J. G., & Ragheb, M. G. (1980). Measuring leisure satisfaction. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1980.11969416

Bedini, L. A. (2000). “Just sit down so we can talk:” Perceived stigma and community recreation pursuits of people with disabilities. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 34(1), 55–68. https://js.sagamorepub.com/index.php/trj/article/view/1111

Bulgan, G. (2015). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de engelli turizmi ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar. Akademik Bakış Uluslararası Hakemli Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 50, 102–125. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/383047

Chun, S., Lee, Y., Kim, B., & Heo, J. (2012). The contribution of leisure participation and leisure satisfaction to stress-related growth. Leisure Sciences, 34(5), 436–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2012.714704

Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Darcy, S., & Buhalis, D. (2011). Introduction: Conceptualising accessible tourism. In D. Buhalis & S. Darcy (Eds.), Accessible tourism: Concepts and issues (pp. 1–20). Channel View Publications.

DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Ekinci, N. E., & Özdilek, Ç. (2019). Investigation of university students’ awareness of recreational activities. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 11(2), 53–66. https://doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2019.02.004

Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10th ed.). Pearson.

Gül, T. (2019). Yaşam doyumunun yordayıcısı olarak boş zaman tatmini. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 22(2), 914–930. https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.573237

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.

Harman, H. H. (1976). Modern factor analysis (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.

Hassett, L., McKay, M., Cole, J., Moseley, A., Chagpar, S., Geerts, M., Kwok, W., Jensen, C., Sherrington, C., & Shields, N. (2023). Effects of sport or physical recreation for adults with physical or intellectual disabilities: A systematic review with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 58(5), 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-107123

İskender, A. (2019). Boş zaman ve rekreasyon ile turizm arasındaki ilişki üzerine akademik bir araştırma. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1), 50-59. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ahbvtfd/article/573568

Karlı, Ü., Polat, E., Yılmaz, B., & Koçak, S. (2008). Serbest zaman tatmin ölçeğinin (SZTÖ-Leisure Satisfaction Scale-LSS) Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(1), 1–15. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sbd/issue/16393/171423

Kaya, E., & Sarı, İ. (2018). Bedensel ve görme engelli bireylerin çeşitli değişkenler açısından boş zaman tutumlarının incelenmesi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(4), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.449975

Kim, D., Park, J., & Park, B. (2024). How do leisure activities impact leisure domain and life domain satisfaction and subjective well‐being?. International Journal of Tourism Research, 26(1), e2618. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2618

Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

Laferrier, J., Teodorski, E., & Cooper, R. (2015). Investigation of the impact of sports, exercise, and recreation participation on psychosocial outcomes in a population of veterans with disabilities: A cross-sectional study. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 94(12), 1026–1034. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000263

Lin, C., & Cheng, T. (2019). Health status and life satisfaction among people with disabilities: Evidence from Taiwan. Disability and Health Journal, 12(2), 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.10.008

Moufakkir, O. (2013). Transformative consumer service: Toward a better tourism enjoyment for tourists with disabilities. Téoros, 32(2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.7202/1036601ar

Munusturlar, S., Kurnaz, B., Yavuz, G., Özcan, Ö., & Karaş, B. (2017). Boş zaman davranışını açıklamaya ışık tutan kuramsal yaklaşımlar. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.295787

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Özdil, S., & Ayyıldız Durhan, T. (2024). Engelli bireylerin rekreatif alan kullanım engelleri ve tercih etkenleri. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(1), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1341606

Öztabak, M. Ü. (2017). Engelli bireylerin yaşamdan beklentilerinin incelenmesi. FSM İlmî Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 9, 355–375. https://doi.org/10.16947/fsmia.323388

Pagán, R. (2015). The contribution of holiday trips to life satisfaction: The case of people with disabilities. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(6), 524–538. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.860086

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879

Ristevski, E., McCook, F., Thompson, S., Duncan, Z., Lawler, B., & Broxham, C. (2024). Initiatives to facilitate the social inclusion of people with intellectual disability in physical activities with others in community-based sporting, recreation and leisure activities: A scoping review. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 37(3), e13238. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.13238

Sönmez, M. (2025). Engellilik, serbest zaman ve rekreasyon. B. Gürbüz (Ed.), Modern toplumda serbest zaman ve rekreasyon içinde (ss. 151-186). Gazi Kitabevi.

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.

Taştan, G. (2022). İleri yaş ve engelli turizmi kapsamında erişilebilir hastane mimarisinin incelenmesi: SCÜ Sıcak Çermik FTR Merkezi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi.

Tekeli, M., & Bozkurt, İ. (2021). Recreation and tourism: A bibliometric analysis based on a Scopus database. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(5), 1291–1308. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.946054

Tian, H., Qiu, Y., Lin, Y., Zhou, W., & Fan, C. (2020). The role of leisure satisfaction in serious leisure and subjective well-being: Evidence from Chinese marathon runners. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 581908. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.581908

Wang, W., & Kao, C. (2006). An exploration of the relationships between free time management and the quality of life of wage-earners in Taiwan. World Leisure Journal, 48(4), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2006.9674427

Wang, W., Kao, C., Huan, T., & Wu, C. (2011). Free time management contributes to better quality of life: A study of undergraduate students in Taiwan. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(4), 561-573. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-010-9217-7

Yıldız, B., & Eren, D. (2021). Konaklama işletmesi çalışanlarının iş-boş zaman çatışmasının mesleki tükenmişlik üzerindeki etkisi. Journal of Tourism Research Institute, 2(2), 95–105. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jtri/article/953048