The Effects of Economic Growth, Political Stability and Freedom of Expression on Tourism Development in BRICS Countries; An Empirical Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1623Keywords:
Tourism development, Economic growth, Political stability, Freedom of expressionAbstract
This study aims to investigate the main determinants of tourism development in BRICS countries. Within the scope of the study, the effects of economic growth, political stability and freedom of expression variables on tourism development are analyzed using annual data for the period 2002-2020. Using the Driscoll-Kraay estimator, consistent results are obtained against heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation problems. Empirical findings show that economic growth and political stability positively affect tourism development, but there is no statistically significant relationship between freedom of expression and tourism development. In line with these results, the study offers policy recommendations to support the sustainable development of tourism in BRICS countries. Structural reforms to boost tourism development, measures to strengthen political stability, and strategies to promote the integration of local communities into tourism processes are among the prominent recommendations.
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